Liver histology
Branching
pedicle within segments leads to the space to set up a branch of the
hepatic artery, a branch of the portal vein and one or two bile ducts. Several portal tracts define a center as a lobule central vein.
The blood passes from the space door to central vein in the liver parenchyma. The liver parenchyma is composed of hepatocytes arranged in single-cell spans tense periportal zone to centrilobular zone and separated from each other by sinusoids.
Liver cells
We distinguish the parenchymal cells (hepatocytes) and sinusoidal cells (endothelial cells, Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells).
Liver: The hepatocyte has a dual polarity. Sinusoidal face is in intimate contact with the portal blood through the endothelial cell. This is an area of intense exchanges in which the cell draws the elements necessary for its synthesis activities (lipids, proteins and carbohydrates) and catabolism (xenobiotics, hormones ...) and pour the products of these activities.
His face delineates the biliary bile canaliculus, clean wall area without defined by lower membranes of two adjacent hepatocytes. The bile secreted by the hepatocyte canalicular walks in this system and is collected in juxta-portal ductules that drain into the bile duct in the portal space.
Endothelial cells: The sinusoidal endothelial cell limits and prevents blood from s'imiscer in the space of Disse, while allowing, through its pore system, the exchanges between plasma and hepatocyte.
Kupffer cell: This is a resident macrophage, located inside the sinusoid, has the functions to "purify" the blood sinusoidal impurities not adopted by the intestinal barrier (endotoxin, mineral particles or viral ...).
Hepatic stellate cells (also known as CET cell or cell perisinusoidal Ito). Located in the space of Disse, the ETC functions (1) the storage of vitamin A and (2) the synthesis of liver extracellular matrix.
Histology of the gallbladder [29]
The gallbladder has a serous and a coating layer of connective tissue subserous below which there is:
The muscular layer: This consists of an irregular mesh of longitudinal smooth muscle, oblique and transverse, mixed with collagen and elastic fibers.
At the junction of the neck of the gallbladder and the cystic duct, there would be in 75% of muscle thickening would act as a sphincter cervical vesicle: the "sphincter" of Liitkens, was the subject of much discussion .
-There is no muscularis mucosa.
Mucosa: a multiple folds themselves subdivided into smaller folds. Most of the wrinkles disappear when the gallbladder is distended.
Epithelium: is made of high-span of cells. If they have no striated border, the study of these cells by phase contrast microscopy and ultramicroscopy showed the existence of fine microvilli sometimes containing lipids.
The mucosa contains no glands, except in the neck region where there is in the lamina propria and in the layer périmusculaire simple tubulo-alveolar glands with cuboidal epithelium and clear, mucus-secreting.
Histology of the common bile duct [29]
Has two coats: a mucous tunic and elastic, more or less rich in free muscle.
Mucosa: is made of a columnar epithelium, but with no villi kinds of columns. It contains numerous mucous glands, which can go up the weed.
The tunic elastic fiber is composed of collagen and elastic fibers. The muscle fibers are rare and only longitudinal. These muscle fibers become abundant in the distal common bile duct at the sphincter of Oddi.
The blood passes from the space door to central vein in the liver parenchyma. The liver parenchyma is composed of hepatocytes arranged in single-cell spans tense periportal zone to centrilobular zone and separated from each other by sinusoids.
Liver cells
We distinguish the parenchymal cells (hepatocytes) and sinusoidal cells (endothelial cells, Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells).
Liver: The hepatocyte has a dual polarity. Sinusoidal face is in intimate contact with the portal blood through the endothelial cell. This is an area of intense exchanges in which the cell draws the elements necessary for its synthesis activities (lipids, proteins and carbohydrates) and catabolism (xenobiotics, hormones ...) and pour the products of these activities.
His face delineates the biliary bile canaliculus, clean wall area without defined by lower membranes of two adjacent hepatocytes. The bile secreted by the hepatocyte canalicular walks in this system and is collected in juxta-portal ductules that drain into the bile duct in the portal space.
Endothelial cells: The sinusoidal endothelial cell limits and prevents blood from s'imiscer in the space of Disse, while allowing, through its pore system, the exchanges between plasma and hepatocyte.
Kupffer cell: This is a resident macrophage, located inside the sinusoid, has the functions to "purify" the blood sinusoidal impurities not adopted by the intestinal barrier (endotoxin, mineral particles or viral ...).
Hepatic stellate cells (also known as CET cell or cell perisinusoidal Ito). Located in the space of Disse, the ETC functions (1) the storage of vitamin A and (2) the synthesis of liver extracellular matrix.
Histology of the gallbladder [29]
The gallbladder has a serous and a coating layer of connective tissue subserous below which there is:
The muscular layer: This consists of an irregular mesh of longitudinal smooth muscle, oblique and transverse, mixed with collagen and elastic fibers.
At the junction of the neck of the gallbladder and the cystic duct, there would be in 75% of muscle thickening would act as a sphincter cervical vesicle: the "sphincter" of Liitkens, was the subject of much discussion .
-There is no muscularis mucosa.
Mucosa: a multiple folds themselves subdivided into smaller folds. Most of the wrinkles disappear when the gallbladder is distended.
Epithelium: is made of high-span of cells. If they have no striated border, the study of these cells by phase contrast microscopy and ultramicroscopy showed the existence of fine microvilli sometimes containing lipids.
The mucosa contains no glands, except in the neck region where there is in the lamina propria and in the layer périmusculaire simple tubulo-alveolar glands with cuboidal epithelium and clear, mucus-secreting.
Histology of the common bile duct [29]
Has two coats: a mucous tunic and elastic, more or less rich in free muscle.
Mucosa: is made of a columnar epithelium, but with no villi kinds of columns. It contains numerous mucous glands, which can go up the weed.
The tunic elastic fiber is composed of collagen and elastic fibers. The muscle fibers are rare and only longitudinal. These muscle fibers become abundant in the distal common bile duct at the sphincter of Oddi.
08:33
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